外文翻譯---城市居住小區綠化探討

1、<p>　　大連理工大學城市學院本科外文翻譯</p><p>　　城市居住小區綠化探討</p><p>　　Urban Residential Area in Green </p><p>　　學 院（系）： 建筑工程學院 </p><p>　　專 業： 工程管理 &

2、lt;/p><p>　　學 生 姓 名： 房敬洋 </p><p>　　學 號： 200834001 </p><p>　　指 導 教 師： 徐冰冰 </p><p>　　完 成 日 期： &

3、lt;/p><p>　　大連理工大學程城市學院</p><p>　　DalianUniversityofTechnologyCityInstitut</p><p>　　Urban Residential Area in Green </p><p>　　Abstract: Explore expansion of the urban popul

4、ation today, people in the face of external pressures, have physical and mental exhaustion, a need to find a comfortable living environment to adjust physically and mentally. Habitat for gatherings and the two related is

5、sues garden designers should attach great importance to it, Residential Area of green issues directly affecting the quality of live. We consider people's health and quality of life of Residential Area to the green ec

6、ological design, s</p><p>　　Keywords:Residentialarea;Landscaping;ecological;Sustainabledevelopment</p><p>　　1. An urban landscape trend </p><p>　　As a living environment of urban ar

7、eas, we must first understand the district is the request of the tenants, which the living green Landscape best to consider the life and leisure requirements. Requested by the modern quality of life around the material a

8、nd spiritual lives of the start, in the material life to meet, gradually enrich the spiritual life today, it will pursue a more healthy, more affinity with their environments. Living green areas, we should consider not o

9、nly the elements of the U</p><p>　　In the direction of the development of ecological garden since the 18th century, industrialized countries in the world are developing as a measure of the degree of economic

10、 power standards "considers the pursuit of the gdp growth is seen as building a powerful country with the sole objective of Power", the thinking in this direction, natural human right cause untold damage. But m

11、ankind will soon see their own for the world to play a negative impact in 1972 adopted a "Declaration on the Human Env</p><p>　　In 2002, 0.1 surveyed companies in the country did a market survey: "

12、You want to have the most "Respondents are more than 70% of the people chose health. Evidently, modern health concerns over the extent of any period in the past. According to the World Health Organization's def

13、inition of health: "The health of people is referring to the physical, mental, the community has in good conditioning the tremendous work pressure, a monotonous life, Complex interpersonal around to maintain the hea

14、lth o</p><p>　　2. Modern residential area green space issues</p><p>　　During Green Community, provides the standard green area and neighborhood greening should ensure that over 35% of the greene

15、ry, Green and the Green rate to more than 70%, that is to say the hard green landscape, including roads, floors, architectural pieces, fountains, sculptures and covers only 30% of control within, and the number should be

16、 smaller the better. Green a quality district, although figures can not reflect pure, but in order to have more green area, designers must seriously conside</p><p>　　With the improvement of living standards,

17、 will ultimately become the vehicle of transport for the people, for the residents of vehicle users, we must build the garage. The design can be transferred to the underground garage, or to a multi-storey car park, so th

18、ere are several advantages: First, reduce noise, second is to increase road safety. Through such a design, Quarters can make limited non-renewable land for the maximum green outdoor activity places, Area more modern desi

19、gn.</p><p>　　Residential constructions in the planning and design time consider green roofs on the loading. Leak proof and other issues, this design over the housing according to actual situation roof and wa

20、lls of green, so the six-space greening effect, maximum to improve the living environment, so that the residents closer to nature. Shanghai, for example, one of the top five luxury houses Riverside Yuen, green roofs, gre

21、en vertical, indoor green and the ground has become a green integrity of the green cha</p><p>　　Now we are residents of the floor, the floor is relatively high, at the Green district can not consider the low

22、-floor residents should also consider floors, high when these people look down on the district greening landscape feelings. Thus designers quarter when Green Landscape, should fully consider the higher floors overlooking

23、 the residents feel.</p><p>　　Now some district at the beginning of the construction. Generally only an initial investigation in the terrain then pushed level, and then on the plains, Green. This will destro

24、y the local character of the original. Community building in the beginning, we should fully examine their current situation. In the building should its local natural sites, old trees provide appropriate protection and ex

25、ploitation? Natural monuments, old trees at the history as a symbol of cultural heritage, in a sense un</p><p>　　In the landscape road, sculpture, Fitness facilities are designed arrangements, it must be the

26、 yardstick of construction, landscape sketch scale, the scale of trees comprehensive consideration, reasonable quantification. Everybody needs an appropriate outdoor space, maximize green area at the same time, all of th

27、e factors involved in the garden should be considered. Because nobody participation, not the perception is pale green, no significance, the lack of grade. Greenbelt need public, open, pa</p><p>　　3. Area pla

28、nts choice preferences </p><p>　　Living in the area of green vegetation to choose, must pay attention to the preferences of residents, loved by the residents to choose plants for distribution. Only with the

29、preferences of residents consistent choice of plants can Area affinity with the green so that the residents have a sense of identity. For example, in the district were planted pines and cypresses of his uniform, so that

30、it Senses natural appearance. Green seems on the surface very good, but people in the subconscious of the </p><p>　　As mainly from the ecological and took two aspects to consider. As the tree crown absolute

31、size and, therefore, in the district greening to produce more oxygen, absorption and emission of more harmful gases and therefore the application of the trees which are more conducive to the district the health of the re

32、sidents. In the choice of trees, deciduous trees and evergreen trees in the entire district share of a general about: 1-2 ratios. Due to the more ancient deciduous tree trunks, tree more at</p><p>　　Based on

33、 modern residents of the health requirements and neighborhood greening trees must use non-toxic trees or shrubs can live in the selection of greenery beautiful, fast-growing, poor management of pharmaceutical and health

34、care, Aroma plants that benefit human health, but also mental and physical adjustment, but also beautify the environment. Such plants such as camphor trees, ginkgo, cedar lone, Podocarpus, F., loquat, fig, smile, peonies

35、, aspartame grass, Hemerocallis, Hosts, Iris auspici</p><p>　　4. Urban district of plant configuration plant configuration to</p><p>　　In the residence area for plant configuration, it should fo

36、cus on its level match. Use shrubs, to be mixed configuration of high-, medium and low, the ground layer 4 level, This further space division and connections through various levels, so that more space for the rhythms of

37、nature. This level during the match when the attention should be trees and shrubs at a ratio of 1: 3-6 The appropriate turf area (Ciao, Projection scope except shrubs), or more than 30% of the green area, to the attentio

38、n</p><p>　　The "Provisional early springtime flowers Hingham, a good summer shade tree, see the autumn leaves changing fruit Winter depression is not green. "This poem speaks the season changes on

39、the district design the most direct request: maintain three quarters of flowering, evergreen four seasons. Also note that the whole hue small changes in the mix of color on the trees, we can use some color contrast to th

40、e larger species, and this could make the district more lively green.</p><p>　　Although woody herb flowers in application management more cumbersome, however relatively more easy to control and easy to becom

41、e Landscape elements. The composition of the district must consider the color of plants, flowers, crown, shape and height of plant life, growth potential etc., can be co-ordinate. For each combination of design, but also

42、 consider the surrounding bare ground, lawns and ponds, surface composition, and several of the relationship between. </p><p>　　Every one has a theme, every garden must have a visual focus this is what we ca

43、ll the garden of the main prospects. Residential Area for urban design can not run its focus landscape configuration, it can be water features; Hill also is King, it can also be a landscape planting, as long as you can c

44、oordinate with the environment is good, Area residents can be recognized is excellent. It is worth mentioning that the district is the main theme of the issue. Now the garden is not empty, and not ideo</p><p&g

45、t;　　5. The sustainable development of estat.</p><p>　　Econnotation of sustainable development of estat.</p><p>　　Sustainable development is the 1980s proposed a new concept. In 1987 world commis

46、sion of environment and development in the future of our common report first expounds the concept of sustainable development, get the international community's broad consensus. Sustainable development refers to satis

47、fy the requirement of modern and does not damage the ability of future generations to meet demand.</p><p>　　The real estate industry sustainable development consists of two party of meanings: one refers to t

48、he real estate industry development should not only meet the people of various real estate product demand and to meet the needs of the development of future generations. Among them, including the sustainable utilization

49、of land resources, the stability of the housing industry coordinated development, real estate market of perfect and living environment improvement, etc.; 2 it is we should not only </p><p>　　The real estate

50、industry sustainable development should be the houses, owner and environmental three elements as a whole, the emphasis on the use of natural resources and protection, to reach the demand for natural nature with the balan

51、ce between the returns. The concept of sustainable development of real estate industry can be summarized as two points: one is to meet people and their children for housing and other real estate product needs, Two is to

52、keep the real estate industry and urban plan</p><p>　　The sustainable development of real estate industry, is in dealing with good urban planning, energy saving, on the basis of solving the momentary interes

53、ts and long-term interests relation, the local interest and the overall benefit relations, economic benefits and social benefit relations, sustainable development and sustainable growth, achieve real estate construction

54、planning form, residential function, environmental benefits and cultural features of sustainable development.</p><p>　　Anyhow domestic scholars on its definition is almost the same, we can be in them on the

55、basis of sustainable development of real estate defined as: should not only meet the diverse needs of contemporary of real estate, and rational utilization of land resources, protect the ecological environment, for futur

56、e generations of production and life, create the necessary space development condition, is real estate economy and population, resources, environment, social coordinated development result.</p><p>　　About su

57、stainable development of real estate existing problems</p><p>　　Our country is in the harmonious society's transformation period, the economic development and environment protection problems are more pro

58、minent. And real estate industry of our country late start, foundation is bad, and facing the population, resources and the huge restriction. Therefore it is necessary to understand the sustainable development of real es

59、tate in our country face possible problems.</p><p>　　Our country exists 4 of sustainable development of real estate industry in our country pressure factors: consumer demand pressure, speculative demand pres

60、sures, environment and resource pressure and international competition.</p><p>　　Our existing 3 unsustainable affects real estate development. The first for land resources and labor resources of unsustainabl

61、e. In the only land resources, among which there are most is that there is no way for the development of regional development of land resources more scarce. Also exist waste of resources and erosion. Through the relevant

62、 domestic institutions of population prediction description of the population age structure changing trends found that supply condition will be decreased </p><p>　　There are 4 main problems in the sustainabl

63、e development of real estate must solve. First of all a waste of resources and erosion. Due to develop out of control and disorderly development, cause of land resources squandered and the loss of state-owned assets. The

64、n is the commodity house KongZhiLiang increase, and are further expanded. The third is real estate development in the short-term, causing damage to ecological environment. The developer one-sided pursuit of economic, cau

65、se building densi</p><p>　　China's real estate developing problems mainly displays in: first, develop out of control, cause disorder development of land resources squandered and the loss of state-owned a

66、ssets, The second overall, structural distortions in supply and demand and caused a lot of vacancy, The third estate development of large short-term, on the ecological environment enormous destruction; Housing design, un

67、reasonable distribution, technology content is low, causing the waste of resources and destruction.</p><p>　　In conclusion, we can be summarized as problem 3. The first aspect is the waste of resources and e

68、nvironmental jealousy. In order to obtain the existing interests, developers behavior caused social increased costs. The second aspect is the market supply and demand structure, a large number of vacancy commodity house

69、caused distortions in supply and demand. And the third way is market policy environment, including the developers of policies and real estate finance market policies.</p><p>　　Affect the prices of factor ana

70、lysis</p><p>　　Firstly is the influence of inflation. For the time being, there are indeed many housing estates investors who want to avert inflation risks. These investors hold that occidental counties with

71、 America as the head use more often the print money machines in order to save financial crisis, and our country also carry out the loose currency credit policies that are rarely seen. These will surely lead to a serious

72、inflation of both home and abroad in the future. How to avoid the fate of cash depreciat</p><p>　　Secondly is the constant emergence of new prime sites. What needs to be noted is that this round of prime lot

73、 quotation is different from that in 2007 in that in 2007, those prime sites are mostly invested by HK or domestic private-owned enterprises, while in this year, they mostly fall into the state-owned enterprises. These s

74、tate-owned enterprises do not even blink eyes even when they pay twice or three times of the transaction prices. Because land price is the main cost of housing prices, so </p><p>　　Thirdly is the encourageme

75、nt and support of local government. Because the land grant fee is a big financial resource of local governments, so governments in all places all want a constant rise of real estate which can result in a rise in land pri

76、ce. For this purpose, governments would advertise that their house properties belong to value low-lying land in different versions while the local governments would not carefully carry them out with various reasons and m

77、eans. When the central government </p><p>　　Fourthly are the loose credit behaviors of commercial banks. In 2009, preferential credit policies of the central banks were originally given to consumers who want

78、ed to purchase houses, but against the backdrop of rich mobility, commercial banks are scrambling for edge balls for striving for this excellent asset, which would grant investors of housing a down payment of 20% and pri

79、vileges of discount in interest, those two sets of consumers are no exceptions. Many investors purchase houses with r</p><p>　　The above-said factors are interrelated and interpenetrated, which forms a thick

80、 chain of housing investment with one link connecting with another, making commercial houses becoming consumables of the masses transfer to investment of the minority of people. If this tendency is to sprawl, the consequ

81、ences will be extremely serious.</p><p>　　Property of sustainable development of evaluation system</p><p>　　According to the completeness, practicability, correlation and forward-looking, create

82、 the principle of combining urban real estate industry sustainable development evaluation index system. It includes economic evaluation factors, population evaluation factors, social evaluation factors, resource evaluati

83、on factors and environmental evaluation factors from five aspects. Among them, the economic evaluation factors including per capita GDP, urban residents' per capita consumer spending, developmen</p><p>　

84、　Will recycle economy theory is introduced based on real estate, construction of the real estate industry recycling economy index system. They think that real estate industry also have their own 3R principle, reduction,

85、REUSE mt, REUSE and RECYCLE RECYCLE. And their energy, resources index, land use index, the specific contents of the environmental indicators with 3R principle for analysis, that the final conclusion.</p><p>

86、;　　Through the economy, resources and environment, population and society are analyzed, in terms of macroscopic perspective of these factors on the influence of real estate industry, founded the real estate evaluation in

87、dex system, it includes four index system: economic index system (including economic level, the economic structure, economic benefits and economic ability two-level index); etc. Resource utilization of index system (incl

88、uding water, land, forest, mineral, energy, and comprehensive u</p><p>　　Anyhow, scholars created real estate industry sustainable development evaluation index system, this paper introduces the level of the

89、sustainable development of real estate industry assessment method. For the sustainable development of real estate appraisal system established the foundation. In my opinion, to establish the system of sustainable develop

90、ment of real estate industry must be from many aspects, whether in government, developers or buyers all should with relevant principles as guidanc</p><p>　　About sustainable development of real estate soluti

91、on methods and countermeasures.</p><p>　　Push the real estate industry sustainable development needs three aspects. One is to internalize the externality, drive market main body. Solve existing externality p

92、roblem. A more effective way is through the relevant financial and tax policy design, be possible externality internalizes the economic cost or income, so as to drive market main body into sustainable development mode. 2

93、 it is to establish a standardized market, calling for long-term economic. Three is guide and promote the healthy </p><p>　　To increase national macro-control, improve the land resource utilization efficienc

94、y, through the economy applicable room control prices and perfecting relevant legislation to solve the existing problems.</p><p>　　Face foam scientific regulation, to prevent the economy from overheating the

95、re is to be a powerful macroeconomic control. Third, regulate land market, insist to cherish, rational utilization of land and protecting cultivated land basic state policy. He thinks that real estate sustainable develop

96、ment depends on unceasing innovation.</p><p>　　The real estate industry sustainable development of basic ideas: the first standard land management and planning management, improve the relations of the urban

97、planning scientific, The second take effective measures to promote the vacancy of sale of commodity, The third adjustment real estate product structure, prevent new vacancy appear; The fourth attached great importance to